Academic Experiences and Well-being during COVID-19: A Comparative Study between the Students with and without Special Needs

Qurratulain Rehan; Muhammad Abid  Malik; Tooba Khan

Authors

Qurratulain Rehan Kinnaird College for Women
Muhammad Abid Malik Beaconhouse National University, Pakistan
Tooba Khan Kinnaird College for Women

Keywords:

students with special needs, well-being, academic status, COVID-19, psychological impact, elementary education

Abstract

COVID-19 affected not only students’ academic experiences but also their emotional, psychological, and mental growth and well-being. Although all the students were affected by it, those with disabilities were more vulnerable due to their special needs. Using the Well-being of Children in Lockdown (WCL) scale with 6 factors and 22 items, this study compared the well-being of the students with and without special needs in Pakistan. Data was collected from 606 elementary-level students belonging to special and regular schools. The findings showed that out of six factors, low scores were reported for two (physical activity, and playful and creative activities), average for three (feelings, addictions, and academic aspects), and high scores were reported for one factor (routine). It appears that both groups were hit harder emotionally and psychologically. When the two groups were compared, there were no statistically significant differences in academic aspects and routine; however, in other factors and overall well-being, there were statistically significant differences with the students with special needs being affected more by the pandemic. The study suggests providing extra support and care for students with special needs to help them overcome different kinds of stresses and vulnerabilities. Such measures will also help move towards a more socially-just and equal society.

References

Adams, S. (2020). School mental health for all. Management in Education. 34(1), 28-30. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892020619881111.

Amjad, A, I., Malik, M. A., & Tabassum, U. (2021). Ready to Accept? Investigating Pakistani School Teachers’ Readiness for Inclusive Education. Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, 12(9), 7442-7456.

Armitage, R. & Nellums, L. (2020). The COVID-19 Response Must Be Disability Inclusive. The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e257. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30076-1.

Bakaniene, I., Dominiak-Świgoń, M., Meneses da Silva Santos, M. A., Pantazatos, D., Grammatikou, M., Montanari, M., ... & Prasauskiene, A. (2022). Challenges of online learning for children with special educational needs and disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 1-12.

Barai, M. K., & Dhar, S. (2021). COVID-19 pandemic: Inflicted costs and some emerging global issues. Global Business Review, 0972150921991499.

Banerjee T., Khan A., & Kesavan P. (2021). Impact of lockdown and school closure on children in special schools: a single-centre survey. BMJ Paediatrics Open. https://bmjpaedsopen.bmj.com/content/bmjpo/5/1/e000981.full.pdf.

Burgess, S., & Sievertsen, H. (2020). Schools, Skills, and Learning. The Impact of COVID 19 on Education. VoxEu.org.. https://voxeu.org/article/impact-covid-19-education.

Couper-Kenney, F. & Riddell, S. (2021). The Impact of COVID-19 on Children with Additional Support Needs and Disabilities in Scotland. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 36(1), 20-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/08856257.2021.1872844.

Dalton L., Rapa E., & Stein A. (2020). Protecting the psychological health of children through effective communication about COVID-19. Lancet Child Adolesc. Health, 4(5), 346-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30097-3.

Donnelly, R. & Patrinos, H. A. (2021). Learning loss during COVID-19: An early systematic review. Prospects, 1-9.

Ehmke, R. (2023 January, 9). Supporting the Emotional Needs of Kids With Learning Disabilities. Child Mind Institute. https://childmind.org/article/supporting-the-emotional-needs-of-kids-with-disabilities/

Gao, N., Hill, L., & Lafortune, J. (2021, January 26). Are Students Spending Enough Time on School during the Pandemic? Public Policy Institute of California. https://www.ppic.org/blog/are-students-spending-enough-time-on-school-during-the-pandemic/#:~:text=Most%20students%20are%20spending%20less,well%20as%20African%20American%20families.

Goldschmidt, K. (2020). The COVID-19 Pandemic: Technology Use to Support the Wellbeing of Children. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2020.04.013.

Holmes, E. A., O'Connor, R. C., Perry, V. H., et al. (2020). Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. The Lancet Psychiatry.

Jiao, W. Y., Wang, L. N., Liu, J., Fang, S. F., Jiao, F. Y., Pettoello, M., & Somekh, E. (2020). Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Children during the COVID-19 Epidemic. The Journal of Pediatrics, 221, 264-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.013.

Jiloha, R. C. (2020). COVID-19 and Mental Health. Epidemiology International, 5(1), 7-9. https://doi.org/10.24321/ 2455.7048.202002

Khawar, M. B., Abbasi, M. H., Hussain, S., Riaz, M., Rafiq, M., Mehmood, R., ... & Farooq, A. (2021). Psychological impacts of COVID-19 and satisfaction from online classes: disturbance in daily routine and prevalence of depression, stress, and anxiety among students of Pakistan. Heliyon, 7(5), e07030.

Kleinberg, B., van der Vegt, I., & Mozes, M. (2020). Measuring Emotions in the COVID-19. Real World Worry Dataset.

Koome, F., Hocking, C., & Sutton, D. (2012). Why routines matter: The nature and meaning of family routines in the context of adolescent mental illness. Journal of Occupational Science, 19(4), 312-325.

Lee, J. (2020). Mental health effects of school closures during COVID-19. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(6), 421.

Lippi, G., Henry, B. M., Bovo, C., & Sanchis-Gomar, F. (2020). Health Risks and Potential Remedies during Prolonged Lockdowns for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Diagnosis, 7(2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1515/dx-2020-0041.

Malik, M. A., Akkaya, B., & Jumani, N. B. (2022). Combating COVID: Exploring Pakistani universities’ responses to COVID-19. In M. A. Malik, Akkaya, B., & Jumani, N. B. (Eds.), Comparative research on educational policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic: Eastern vs. Western perspectives (pp. 1-16). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3600 -4.ch001

Malik, M. A., Mehboob, Z., & Chohan, S. (2023). Perceptions and Experiences about Covid-19-induced Online Education: A Study about Primary School Students in Pakistan. Journal of Social Sciences & Economics Review, 4(1), 82-90. https://doi.org/10.36902/rjsser-vol4-iss1-2023(82-90)

Malik, M. A. & Azmat, S. (2022). Health Hazards in Online Organizations: A Case Study about Two Business Organizations in Pakistan. International Journal on Working Conditions, 24, 36-52. https://doi.org/10.25762/cgvw-ne81

Muscogiuri, G., Pugliese, G., Barrea, L., Savastano, S., & Colao, A. (2020). Commentary. Obesity: The Achilles Heel for COVID-19? Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental 108, 154251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. metabol.2020.154251

Narzisi, A. (2020). Handle the Autism Spectrum Condition during Coronavirus (COVID-19) Stay at Home Period: Ten Tips for Helping Parents and Caregivers of Young Children. Brain Sciences, 10(4), 207. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10040207.

Nasir, S. & Hameed, M. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on the learning processes of typically developing and special needs students in Pakistan. Asian Journal of University Education, 17(3), 67-75.

Navas, P., Verdugo, M. A., Amor, A. M., Crespo, M., & Martínez, S. Y. (2020). COVID-19 Y Discapacidades Intelectuales Y Del Desarrollo: Impacto Del Confinamiento Desde La Perspectiva De Las Personas, Sus Familiares Y Los Profesionales Y Organizaciones Que Prestan Apoyo. Plena Inclusión España E Instituto Universitario De Integración En La Comunidad (INICO).” Universidad de Salamanca.

Nusser, L. (2021). Learning at Home during COVID-19 School Closures – How Do German Students with and without Special Educational Needs Manage? European Journal of Special Needs Education 36 (1): 51-64. https://doi.org/10.1080/08856257.2021.1872845

Patel, K. (2020). Mental health implications of COVID-19 on children with disabilities. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 54, 102273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102273.

Pfefferbaum, B., & North, C. S. (2020). Mental health and the Covid-19 pandemic. New England Journal of Medicine, 383(6), 510-512.

Phoenix, M. (2020). Children with Disabilities Face Health Risks, Disruption and Marginalization under Coronavirus. The Conversation. https://theconversation. com/children-with-disabilities-face-health-risks-disruption-and-marginalization-under coronavirus–137115

Qin, C., Liu, F., Yen, T-C., & Lan, X. (2020). 18F-FDG PET/CT Findings of COVID-19: A Series of Four Highly Suspected Cases. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 47(5), 1281-1286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-020-04734-w

Ray, K. (2023, January 3). Here’s What the Research Says About Screen Time and School-Aged Kids. EdTech. https://edtechmagazine.com/k12/article/2023/01/heres-what-research-says-about-screen-time-and-school-aged-kids#:~:text=A%20longitudinal%20study%20published%20in,literacy%20in%20school-age%20students.

Rundle, A. G., Park, Y., Herbstman, B., Kinsey, E., & Wang. C. (2020). COVID-19–Related School Closings and Risk of Weight Gain among Children. Obesity, 28 (6), 1008-1009. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22813.

Sancho, N. B., Mondragon, N. I., Santamaria, M. D., & Gorrotxategi, M. P. (2022). The well-being of children with special needs during the COVID-19 lockdown: academic, emotional, social and physical aspects, European Journal of Special Needs Education, 37(5), 776-789. https://doi.org/10.1080/08856257.2021.1949093

Schiariti, V. (2020). The Human Rights of Children with Disabilities during Health Emergencies: The Challenge of COVID-19. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 62(6), 661. https://doi.org/10.1111/ dmcn.14526.

Supratiwi, M., Yusuf, M., & Anggarani, F. K. (2021). Mapping the challenges in distance learning for students with disabilities during COVID-19 pandemic: Survey of special education teachers. International Journal of Pedagogy and Teacher Education, 5(1), 11-18.

Tadesse, S. & Muluye, W. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on education system in developing countries: a review. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 8(10), 159-170.

Tarkar, P. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on education system. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(9), 3812-3814.

Toseeb, U., Asbury, K., Code, A., Fox, L., & Deniz. E., (2020). Supporting Families with Children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities during COVID-19. PsyArXiu Prepints. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf. io/tm69k.

33dfafafa APK Download Hyderabad - Game Khel Kar Paise Kamane ... 33dfafafaForest dance

Start Betting

Why Choose 33dfafafa

Fast Payouts

Secure Payments

24/7 Support

Mobile Friendly

Bonuses & Rewards

Pakistan Trusted

Popular Games

How to Start

Frequently Asked Questions

Ready to Play on 33dfafafa?

Academic Experiences and Well-being during COVID-19: A Comparative Study between the Students with and without Special Needs

Authors

Keywords:

Abstract

References

Downloads

Published

How to Cite

Issue

Section

License

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Current Issue

Browse

Developed By

Information

Make a Submission

Trusted Casino Sahiwal - k1game Anubis Wrath (Easypaisa Suppor... k1gameAnubis Wrath

Working Link

Why Choose k1game

Fast Payouts

Secure Payments

24/7 Support

Mobile Friendly

Bonuses & Rewards

Pakistan Trusted

Popular Games

How to Start

Frequently Asked Questions

Ready to Play on k1game?

Boxing King App in Sahiwal - flyingchess Official Download & S... flyingchessBoxing King

Sign Up Now

Why Choose flyingchess

Fast Payouts

Secure Payments

24/7 Support

Mobile Friendly

Bonuses & Rewards

Pakistan Trusted

Popular Games

How to Start

Frequently Asked Questions

Ready to Play on flyingchess?

Login

Current Issue

Browse

Developed By

Information

Make a Submission