Journal of Education And Humanities Research (JEHR), University of Balochistan, Quetta

Studying the Ethical Leadership Skills of Public Sector University Leaders

2025-06-16T15:36:35+05:00

An increasing shift is being noticed on considerations towards ethics and morals in organizational practices and policies as well as role of leaders in demonstrating and ensuring such practices. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ethical leadership skills of university leaders and how ethical leadership implementation differs by gender in public sector universities of Quetta, Balochistan. The study was based on quantitative approach and survey design. The proportional stratified sampling was used as technique for data collection where a total of 230 (151+79) respondents were randomly selected from two leading co-educational universities. Perceived Leader Integrity Scale (PLIS) was adopted as a scale for measuring ethical leadership skills. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used to analyse the level of ethical leadership of university departmental chairpersons through cross-tabulation method. Moreover, independent t-test were performed to identify the if there was a mean difference of male and female university faculty members about the implementation of ethical leadership. The data analysis revealed that majority of the respondents from the both universities considered the ethical leadership level of their chairperson low. This indicated that the departmental chairpersons lack required ethical leadership skills as leaders. Besides, the results indicated that there was not any significant difference between mean scores of the ethical leadership of male and female faculty members. The implications of the study and recommendations for future researchers are also outlined.

Analyzing the Sustainable Development Goals Influencing Higher Education in the University of Balochistan, Quetta

2025-06-29T20:53:05+05:00

This study investigates the socio-economic and academic challenges faced by the students in University of Balochistan in contrast with SDG 1,2 and 4. The data taken from 100 respondents highlights pronounced gender disparities in parental education, with 50% of fathers holding higher education compared to only 23% of mothers. Household reliance on government employment (50%), constrained incomes (mean: 116,480 PKR), and large family sizes (mean: 8.78 members) exacerbate financial burdens. Students primarily depend on parental support (80%), while scholarship access (33%) and research funding opportunities (21%) remain inadequate. Food insecurity is pervasive, with 39% of students skipping meals and 38% reporting limited access to nutritious food. Academic resources are insufficient, as only 28% of respondents have access to modern technology and 38% engage in research activities. Financial instability adversely affects academic performance for 80% of students.

These findings underscore the interplay between poverty, food insecurity, and education, emphasizing the critical need for interventions aligned with SDGs 1 (No Poverty), 2 (Zero Hunger), and 4 (Quality Education). To foster equity and student success, targeted measures such as expanded financial aid, gender-inclusive initiatives, enhanced academic resources, and nutritional support are imperative.

Beyond Classroom Pedagogy: Fostering Sustainable Teaching and Learning through Partnership with Relevant Stakeholders

2025-06-29T20:50:57+05:00

Abstract

The 21st century teaching and learning requires adequate preparation of students for the complex world. Traditional classroom pedagogy often focuses on theoretical knowledge, leaving students without practical experience and proper understanding of the social economic and environmental contexts of the subject matter. However, partnerships with stakeholders can help students develop the skills and knowledge needed to address the complex global challenges. This positioning article explored pedagogy outside of the classroom by promoting learning through collaboration with pertinent stakeholders for successful instruction. It emphasizes the need for fostering sustainable teaching and learning through strategic partnerships with relevant stakeholders including the local communities, industries and government agencies where the school is located. For learning to be successful and effective, collaboration between stakeholders such as educators, parents, community members, the government, and others is essential. Stakeholders are responsible for ensuring that institutions operate smoothly and that policies are implemented in a way that advances educational goals and objectives. This study demonstrated that strong leadership, a supportive atmosphere, committed educators, and communication and cooperation among the stakeholders can all help to establish a partnership with pertinent stakeholders. Partnership with stakeholders will not only promotes student learning outcomes but will enhance sustainable development, social responsibility and community engagement.

Exploring The Nexus Of Tourists’ Destination Image And Perceived Service Quality In The Context Of Chinese Rural Tourism

2025-06-13T21:39:10+05:00

This paper is to examine the perceived service quality among visitors and the image of the tourist attraction. Using a Questionnaire Star-rated survey, the researchers gathered online data from 400 respondents. This study employed descriptive research methodologies, along with weighted average and ranking tools. The statistical analysis included both variance and regression analyses. The results indicate that visitors are more pleased about the ecological surroundings linked with the destination image of rural tourism. On the other hand, results reveal that the least satisfaction with traffic conditions and other infrastructure helps foster unfavorable feelings among visitors. The ratings provided by tourists regarding the destination image indicate dissatisfaction. In terms of perceived service quality, tourists express the highest satisfaction with the project activities associated with rural tourism, while their satisfaction is lowest concerning the promptness of service personnel in addressing tourist requests. The ratings provided by tourists regarding perceived service quality are insufficiently high, with responses indicating agreement. Demographic variables reveal no significant difference, whereas a significant relationship exists between the image of rural tourism destinations and the perceived service quality of rural tourists. This study identifies weaknesses and proposes a development plan to preserve rural tourism in Guangxi, China.

Workforce Diversity: A Catalyst for Enhanced Performance in University Setting

2025-06-29T21:07:33+05:00

Workforce diversity is a cornerstone as it helps the organization to work effectively and efficiently. With globalization, diversity has become a strategic imperative in organizations. It has increased to a great extent. The current study investigated the nuanced impact of primary dimensions of diversity and workforce on the organizational performance in the universities of Lahore. A survey questionnaire was administered using 5-point Likert scale to gather data from 150 employees which was analyzed on SPSS. The findings indicated that workforce diversity has a positive impact on the performance of an organization along with the primary dimensions i.e. gender, age and ethnicity that were also found to be positively correlated to organizational performance. The regression analysis findings from University A and University B suggested a positive but weak correlation between workforce diversity and organizational performance: R² = 2.7%, respectively, R² = 5.9%. Diversity is only one factor that can contribute to strong performance, with the findings indicating that it pales in comparison with leadership style and knowledge management. This study critically contributes to the research literature in Pakistan by bridging the gap and studies repercussions of workforce diversity in education sector.

Gender Identities and Gender Inclusive Education: Exploring the Perspective of Educators in Private Schools

2025-06-29T13:09:52+05:00

The major focus of the study was to examine the teachers’ conceptions, classroom dynamics, and role of peer support in teaching mixed genders in private primary education schools in sub-district Rawalpindi, Pakistan. We used qualitative approach to gather the perspective of Five teachers relating to gender dynamics, challenges in the classroom for bridging gender gap and promoting gender-responsive pedagogy. The study revealed that the teachers are lacking gender-awareness and gender-inclusive pedagogy. Furthermore, the gender conceptualisation phenomenon is the interplay of parental, cultural, ideological and academic factors that must not be restricted to school. The study also concluded that male and female teachers are facing various challenges relating to seating arrangements, classroom management, managing indoor and outdoor sports for gender mainstreaming. We need a comprehensive gender policy framework for the school to implement inclusive gender-responsive pedagogy.

The Impact of the Pakistan National Incubation Centers (NIC) Balochistan Program on Skill Development for Women and Young Startups: Addressing Socio- Economic Challenges

2025-06-29T13:11:42+05:00

The National Incubation Center (NIC) Balochistan has initiated a program that addresses the socio-economic challenges faced in this region. This program helps build and promote a dynamic, inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystem. This research article will discuss the impact of this program on young and female entrepreneurs and will also emphasize their skill development, mentorship, and access to funding for their businesses. With the help of the program’s comprehensive approach, the participants have been able to develop sustainable businesses that

play a vital role in the province’s economic growth and the financial and economic stability of an individual. The program has been the reason behind numerous successful startups through training, coaching, and prize opportunities linked with investor support. This article also sheds light on the effectiveness of the NIC program in addressing major problems in the region, like unemployment and gender equality, and developing a pathway that leads to economic self- sufficiency. The findings focus on the need for consistent support and expanded implementation of such initiatives at regional and national levels to ensure long-term sustainability and maximum economic development. With the policy recommendations to scale the model to other regions of Pakistan, this program aims to build a more inclusive and innovative national entrepreneurial ecosystem.

Exploring Students’ Learning Attitude in the Context of “Love, rather than Punish” Slogan

2025-06-23T20:00:09+05:00

The research was conducted in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. The focus of the study was to analyze the impact of the slogan having the meaning ‘Maar Nahi Pyar’ or ‘Love, not punishment’, from an educational perspective. The study utilized a qualitative research approach using narrative phenomenology. The sample comprised parents and teachers from both public and private schools. Participants were selected intentionally, as parent participants were interviewed to collect diverse perspectives. Teachers with five plus years of experience before the implementation of the slogan were selected. Data collection for this study was done through semi-structured interviews with teachers, followed by additional focused group discussions. Parents were granted semi-structured interviews. The study adhered to a constructive paradigm, emphasizing the importance of understanding and addressing educational practices through constructive methodologies. Data analysis followed Colaizzi’s (1978) seven-step method, ensuring a systematic and logical approach. This involved transcribing interviews, identifying significant clues, grouping them into categories, and developing major themes. Three key themes emerged: 1) a shift in student behavior, with students becoming less fearful but also showing disrespect toward teachers; 2) a decline in academic performance; and 3) changing dynamics among teachers, students, and parents, with teachers feeling demoralized and parents defending their children. The study offers valuable insights for teachers, administrators, and policymakers, highlighting the need to balance positive teaching environments with academic rigor. By capturing the perspectives of both teachers and parents, it contributes to a holistic understanding of the slogan’s impact and enriches the discourse on educational reform in Punjab, Pakistan.

Study About Teachers’ Instructional Practices in Managing Lingual Diversity in Early Childhood Classrooms

2025-05-23T07:51:05+05:00

The aim of the current study was to highlight the teachers’ instructional practices in managing lingual diversity at Early Childhood Classrooms (ECCs) in district Quetta. To know the instructional practices of the ECE teachers in a multilingual situation, a case study design was adopted to pursue the study. A public girls Secondary school Nawa Killi (one of the most lingually diversified communities) was selected as a case. Two moods of data collection were adopted to understand the full depth of the current study i.e. fields notes and structure interview of the teachers. The findings of the study reveal that teachers utilizes multiple moods of teaching to address the lingual challenges. These instructional designs of the ECE teachers are adaptive according to need and interest of the pupils. The finding suggested that teaches use rote memorization, peer support, trans language, group based teaching and interactive teaching methods were the dominant method which were supported by both tools of data source. It is concluded from the finding that although teachers are utilizing multiple teaching techniques but they required more capacity building sessions to improve their instructions as there is a visible sense fear, threat and controlling authority of the ECE teachers.

Beyond Survival: Evolving Leaders and Quality Assurance Managers' Roles in the Post-Pandemic Higher Education Landscape

2025-06-27T15:33:30+05:00

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant shift in higher education, prompting rapid changes in quality assurance (QA) practices. This study examines how Pakistani higher education institutions responded to these issues by exploring the roles of academic leaders and quality managers. Using a qualitative case study method, our results indicate that leaders struggle to transition from crisis management to a more strategic focus on quality improvement. However, updates to quality assurance for teaching and learning are slow but necessary. The pandemic has presented an opportunity to redefine the roles of quality managers and academic leaders to meet future demands. Greater collaboration and compliance are needed to support evolving teaching and learning practices. This research offers insights into QA challenges and opportunities in higher education, informing policy development and implementation.